GD3-oligose (CAS number: 38598-36-6)

GD3-oligosaccharide (GD3-oligose) is the core oligosaccharide chain structural unit of ganglioside GD3 and a vital glycosphingolipid component on the cell membrane. It is not only a key molecule in the "glycocalyx" on the cell surface, mediating cell recognition, signal transduction and immune response, it is also an important research object and potential drug target that has attracted much attention in the fields of tumor biology, neuroscience and immunotherapy.

Chemical Information

Chemical name:

D-Glucose,O-(N-acetyl-α-neuraminosyl-(2→8))-O-(N-acetyl-α-neuraminosyl-(2→3))-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-

Common name: GD3-oligosaccharide

Chemical formula: C₃₄H₅₆N₂O₂₇

Molecular weight: 924.81 g/mol

CAS number: 38598-36-6

Structural features

GD3-oligosaccharide is derived from the important ganglioside GD3. Its structural characteristics are:

Core skeleton: Contains a complex oligosaccharide chain connected by sialic acid (neuraminic acid), which is the core part of the GD3 epitope.

Disialo modification: The typical structural feature is that there are at least two α-2,8-linked sialic acid residues connected to the lactose core skeleton, which gives it unique electronegative properties and molecular recognition properties.

Biological recognition site: This oligosaccharide structure can be specifically recognized by specific antibodies (such as anti-GD2/GD3 monoclonal antibodies) and lectins, and is an important functional epitope on the cell surface.

Main applications and advantages

1. Core research tools for tumor immunity and targeted therapy

Tumor marker probe: GD3 and its oligosaccharide chains are highly expressed on the surface of melanoma, neuroblastoma, glioblastoma and other malignant tumor cells, and are important tumor-related antigens. GD3-oligosaccharides are key molecules for the development of targeted detection reagents, imaging probes, and antibody/chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) screening and validation.

Immune regulation research: As a cell surface signaling molecule, GD3-oligosaccharide is involved in regulating the proliferation, migration, invasion and immune escape process of tumor cells. It is an ideal tool molecule for studying the tumor microenvironment and developing new immunotherapy.

2. Neuroscience and neurodegenerative disease research

Neurodevelopment and function: Gangliosides are abundant in the nervous system and are critical for neuronal development, differentiation, synapse formation, and plasticity. GD3-oligosaccharide, as its structural unit, is a valuable material for studying the biological functions of glycogen on the surface of nerve cells.

Exploring the disease mechanism: The expression changes of GD3 are related to the pathological processes of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. GD3-oligosaccharides can be used to further study its mechanism of action in diseases and find potential intervention targets.

3. Glycobiology and key raw materials for vaccine/drug development

Sugar chain synthesis and modification: As a complex oligosaccharide with a clear structure, it can be used to study the function of glycosyltransferases, explore the synthesis path of oligosaccharide chains, or serve as a standard for glycomic analysis.

Vaccine design and drug conjugation: Based on the tumor-related antigen properties of GD3, GD3-oligosaccharide can be used as the antigen component of synthetic sugar vaccines, or coupled with carrier proteins to stimulate specific immune responses. It can also be used to develop antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) or small molecule targeted drugs.

Conclusion

GD3-oligosaccharide is much more than a complex carbohydrate molecule, it is a bridge between cell surface biology and the treatment of major diseases. From revealing the mysteries of tumor immunity, to exploring the deep regulation of brain function, to promoting the development of next-generation glycosylation drugs and vaccines, its value is increasingly evident.